Good to see you

The Professor is currently reading You Don’t Look Like Anyone I Know: A True Story of Family, Face Blindness and Forgiveness, by Heather Sellers. Sellers has prosopagnosia, commonly known as face blindness.

The word comes from the Greek prosopon, face, and agnosia, lack of knowledge. You may recognize the gnosis (“knowledge”) root from English words like diagnose or agnostic. People with this condition are unable to recognize others by their faces. This is not “They tell me we met at a party once, but I don’t recognize you.” People with prosopagnosia may be looking directly at someone they know—even a spouse, family member, or friend—and still not be able to tell who they are. They use cues such as voice or gait to identify people, or find other ways of managing. The condition can be either congenital or brought on by a brain injury.

To read more about prosopagnosia, visit the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

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Now they just call it brown-nosing

Before moving to Washington, I had never been a big curry fan. The only curry I knew of was Indian curry. It tends to be very heavy on the turmeric, and a deep yellow color that I don’t find appetizing. I’ll eat it occasionally, but it’s never been my favorite. My relationship with curry changed altogether when I discovered Thai curry, a completely different set of flavors and colors. Thai restaurants are everywhere here, and each I’ve tried has served up a similar take on curry. Spices, usually red or green, are mixed with coconut milk and served as a liquid concoction somewhere between a soup and a stew, shot through with big chunks of broccoli, carrots, zucchini, bamboo shoots, and Thai basil.

The other day, when the term “curry favor” went through my mind, I wondered whether that phrase was related to the food term. Turns out, the answer is no.  Not even close. The food word comes from the Tamil kari, meaning sauce. The British picked it up in their Asian travels and brought it into the language around the end of the 16th century. Same scenario, by the way, with “ketchup,” which came to us around the beginning of the 18th century from the Malay kechap, originally meaning a fish sauce. One begins to think that the Brits cooked up imperialism just so their food would eventually have some flavor.

In any case. “Curry favor” has an interesting beginning in the 14th century, in a French romance. In the story there was a chestnut horse named Fauvel or Favel who became a symbol of cunning and duplicity. In this context, “curry,” meaning to groom a horse, came into Middle English from Old French correier, which itself had a Germanic origin. (All info from OED.) To curry Favel meant figuratively to rub down this horse of cunning, and that led to the current meaning of the idiom, “to ingratiate oneself with someone through obsequious behavior.” You young people might know it as sucking up.

And that’s how I discovered that curry flavor was not the same as curry favor.

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Tongue Twisted

In the life of every interpreter come a few moments where she commits some terrible faux pas in the courtroom. I had such a moment today.

Judge: Where’s the attorney for this case?
What I meant to say: He’s out in the hall with the prosecutor.
What I actually said: He’s out in the hall with the prostituter.

Fortunately, this was a judge with a sense of humor.

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It is written

This time of year, I always take my checkbook and write the new year in the date area on half a dozen checks or so. That lasts me until I’m sure I’ve gotten into the habit of writing the new date without having to think about it. If I did happen to write 2010 on a check this week, though, it would be obvious that it was a scrivener’s error. This term is used in law to refer to a clerical error that has resulted in an obvious typo, and as such shouldn’t be enforced as written. For example, if a defendant signs a waiver of his speedy trial rights this week and extends them to, say, April 15, 2010, he won’t be able to come back later and say that his case should be dismissed because his speedy trial rights were violated when he didn’t get tried by that date. The 2010 is obviously a scrivener’s error and will be corrected without affecting the case.

In my wordfreak brain, even before I’d had any caffeine this morning, all I had to do was think about this for my mind to go running down the etymology path. I could think of a handful on my own, but when I went to the dictionaries, I realized that “scrivener” is actually one of dozens of words in English and Spanish that originate from the Latin word scribere, to write. My discoveries follow. I didn’t include every related form of some words, and the list is still quite lengthy. Please let me know in the comments if you can think of any I missed!

Scribble Conscript/conscription Escrituración, registration
Scribe Subscript Escriturar, to register
Scriptures Superscript Escriturístico, scriptural
Scrip Escribir, to write Suscrito, undersigned
Scripophily Escrituras, writings or Scriptures Proscribir/proscripción, ban or outlaw
Script Escriba, scribe Proscrito, outlaw (person) or political exile
Scrivener Escribanía, desk, inkstand, notary’s office Describir/descripción
Scriptorium Escribidor, scribbler Prescribir/prescripción
Describe/description Escribiente, clerk Subscribir/subscripción
Proscribe/proscription Escrito, written (adj.), document, written exam, brief (legal doc) Script (used as is in film industry)
Prescribe/prescription Escritor, writer
Subscribe/subscription Escritorio, desk, office, study
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What is this list?

1. xin nian kuai le
2. nav varsh ki subhkamna
3. happy new year
4. feliz año nuevo
5. subho nababarsho
6. feliz ano novo
7. С Новым Годом
8. akemashite omedetô
9. ein gutes neues Jahr / prost Neujahr
10. seh heh bok mani bat uh seyo

These are the typical new year greetings in the ten most prominent languages on our planet (see below), according to freelang.net, which is citing Ethnologue. These statistics are notoriously hard to pin down. Estimating the number of speakers of a certain language is more complicated than just sitting down with a map in one hand and a calculator in the other. For example, does one count only native speakers, or also secondary speakers? If secondary speakers are considered, English moves to number 2 on the list below. Where does a dialect end and a language begin? If its 15 major variants were considered one language rather than dialects, Arabic would be #6 on this list with 198-201M native speakers, so let’s add عام
سعيد to our new year’s greeting group.

Top Ten Languages and number of speakers:
1. Mandarin Chinese, 874M
2. Hindi, 366M
3. English, 341M
4. Spanish, 322-358M
5. Bengali, 207M
6. Portuguese, 176M
7. Russian, 167M
8. Japanese, 125M
9. German, 100M
10. Korean, 78M

Perhaps you want to learn a new language this year, or just improve your mastery of the one or two you know already. If you wish that for you, I wish it too. As they say in Puerto Rico (more frequently than Feliz Año Nuevo), “Que el año nuevo te traiga muchas cosas buenas”—May the new year bring you many good things. Indeed.

References:
How to say Happy New Year in all languages
Most common languages in the world

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